Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Secret
Of The Templars Series + Bonus Title MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026
February 2026: Friday The 13th: --
Considered an unlucky day in the Western tradition, it occurs at
least once a year but can occur up to three times a year. A Friday
the 13th occurs any month that begins on a Sunday. The fear of the
number 13 has the scientific name triskaidekaphobia, and the fear
of Friday the 13th is called paraskevidekatriaphobia. The mythos
surrounding this day may have arisen in the Middle Ages,
"originating from the story of Jesus' last supper and
crucifixion" in which there were 13 individuals present in
the Upper Room on the 13th of Nisan Maundy Thursday, the night
before his death on Good Friday. It is most likely that the fear
of Friday the 13th originates with the October 1307 dawn arrest of
Templar Grand Master Jacques de Molay and hundreds of other French
Templars by King Philip IV of France, who was deeply in financial
debt to the order, and acted to destroy them to erase his debt.
The Templars were tortured into giving false confessions and
burned at the stake. Pope Clement V disbanded the order in 1312; a
month later, he was dead, and later that year, King Philip died in
a hunting accident. The remaining Templars around Europe were
either arrested and tried under the Papal investigation (with
virtually none convicted), absorbed into other Catholic military
orders, or pensioned off and allowed to live out their days
peacefully. By papal decree, the property of the Templars was
transferred to the Knights Hospitaller except in the Kingdoms of
Castile, Aragon, and Portugal, all traditionally Templar areas.
Under the protection of the Portuguese king, Denis I, who refused
to pursue and persecute the former knights, the Templars simply
changed their name, to the reconstituted Order of Christ and also
the parallel Supreme Order of Christ of the Holy See, both orders
being considered the Templar's direct successors. Such knowledge
did not generally come into the public ken until the 20th century.
It is mentioned in the 1955 Maurice Druon historical novel The
Iron King (Le Roi de fer), John J. Robinson's 1989 work Born in
Blood: The Lost Secrets of Freemasonry, Dan Brown's 2003 novel The
Da Vinci Code and Steve Berry's The Templar Legacy (2006). While
there is evidence of both Friday and the number 13 being
considered unlucky, there is no record of the two items being
referred to as especially unlucky in conjunction before the 19th
century. An early documented reference in English occurs in Henry
Sutherland Edwards' 1869 biography of the itallian composer
Gioachino Rossini, who died on a Friday 13th. It is possible that
the publication in 1907 of Thomas W. Lawson's popular novel
Friday, the Thirteenth, contributed to disseminating the
superstition. In the novel, an unscrupulous broker takes advantage
of the superstition to create a Wall Street panic on a Friday the
13th. According to the Stress Management Center and Phobia
Institute in Asheville, North Carolina, an estimated 17 to 21
million people in the United States are affected by a fear of this
day, making it the most feared day and date in history. Some
people are so paralyzed by fear that they avoid their normal
routines in doing business, taking flights or even getting out of
bed. "It's been estimated that 800 or 900M USD is lost in
business on this day". Despite this, representatives for both
Delta Air Lines and Continental Airlines (the latter now merged
into United Airlines) have stated that their airlines do not
suffer from any noticeable drop in travel on those Fridays. In
Finland, a consortium of governmental and nongovernmental
organizations led by the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health
promotes the National Accident Day (kansallinen tapaturmapaiva) to
raise awareness about automotive safety, which always falls on a
Friday the 13th. The event is coordinated by the Finnish Red Cross
and has been held since 1995. A study in the British Medical
Journal, published in 1993, attracted some attention from popular
science-literature, as it concluded that "'the risk of
hospital admission as a result of a transport accident may be
increased by as much as 52 percent' on the 13th"; however,
the authors clearly state that "the numbers of admissions
from accidents are too small to allow meaningful analysis".
Subsequent studies have disproved any correlation between Friday
the 13th and the rate of accidents. On the contrary, the Dutch
Centre for Insurance Statistics on June 12, 2008 stated that
"fewer accidents and reports of fire and theft occur when the
13th of the month falls on a Friday than on other Fridays, because
people are preventatively more careful or just stay home.
Statistically speaking, driving is slightly safer on Friday the
13th, at least in the Netherlands; in the last two years, Dutch
insurers received reports of an average 7,800 traffic accidents
each Friday; but the average figure when the 13th fell on a Friday
was just 7,500." #FridayThe13th On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Hitler:
The Whole Story (Hitler A Career) MP4 Video Download 2 DVD Set
Today, February 13, 2026
First Friday The 13th Of The Year:
National Blame Someone Else Day: -- Don't we blame us if anything
goes wrong for you today - but today, you can blame anyone else
and (for the day at least) get away with it! If you must leave the
house today, go ahead and plan your best stories of how someone
else (or some thing) may be at fault for whatever happens. We've
all had plenty of practice so it shouldn't be a wildly daunting
task. But, read on if you need a little more inspiration! Blaming
others goes way back. In fact, it started with the first couple
when Adam blamed Eve for the entire apple-indulging incident. He
even took it a step further to blame God, since, after all, God
did create Eve. Clearly, this would not have happened if God
hadn't made woman. Adam sure is a tough act to follow but plenty
of people have attempted to raise that bar in blaming others
throughout the centuries. Fridays have long been considered an
unlucky day and the number 13 has long been considered an unlucky
number; however, superstitions that Friday the 13th is an
especially unlucky day did not garner attention until the 19th
century. National Blame Someone Else Day began one Friday the 13th
in 1982 when Anne Moelle's alarm clock failed to go off resulting
in a full day of bad luck. So, now we have the opportunity to
enjoy an entire day of blaming people for any and everything that
is, has, or will go wrong. There are two camps of people when it
comes to blaming others, those who like to joke around with the
most ludicrous tale as to why something isn't their fault and
those who are totally unable to accept responsibility for things
going sideways in their life. Actually, most of us are likely
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: TV
Commercials: The Cable Age Classics II DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: National Cheddar Day: -- A
very cheesy day, National Cheddar Day is celebrated annually on
February 13. Created by the Tillamook County Creamery Cooperation,
this day celebrates the amazing cheese type called cheddar, and
all its edible products. Cheddar cheese hails from the actual city
of Cheddar in Somerset, South England. Cheddar cheese accounts for
more than a third of all the cheese sold in the United States and
is a top choice in most cheese selections. It is unique for the
peculiar way it's made and hails from England. Cheddar Gorge on
the edge of the village, Cheddar in Somerset, England, is home to
the origin of cheddar cheese. The gorge has several caves that
provide the perfect humidity and steady temperature for maturing
the cheese. The popular cheese was first bought by the royal
family and is said to have been brought to Britain by the Romans
from the Cantal region of France. The 19th-century father of
cheddar cheese, Joseph Harding, was central to the modernization
and standardization of Cheddar cheese. He encouraged dairy hygiene
and modern cheese-making techniques. The 'Joseph Harding method'
was the first Cheddar production method based upon scientific
principles. The process called cheddaring is what separates this
cheese from others. Cheddaring is an additional step in the
production of Cheddar cheese which is done after heating. The curd
is kneaded with salt, cut into cubes to drain the whey, and then
stacked and turned. The result you get from this step is a denser,
crumbly texture. In 1894, renowned cheesemaker Peter McIntosh
brought his cheese-making skills to Tillamook County, Oregon, and
in due time was dubbed the Cheese King of the Coast. The local
farmers have since formed the farmer-owned cooperative we know
today as the Tillamook County Creamery Association. In 2019, the
association founded National Cheddar Day on February 13. The
purpose was to celebrate Tillamook's 110th birthday and share a
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Making Sex
Pay: Cost/Benefit Species Analysis DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: Valentine's Eve: -- National
Valentine Shopping Reminder Day: -- As a reminder to shop for
Valentine's Day, National Valentine Shopping Reminder Day is
celebrated on February 6 and again on February 13. Remembering to
purchase a particular Valentine's Day present is critical.
National Valentine Shopping Reminder Day is a reminder to place
your order now for it to arrive on time for the holiday on
February 14. A special last-minute Valentine's Day present that
will stand out from the crowd is highlighted on this day. During
shopping for Valentine's Day, we choose gifts that have meaning
for the recipient and meet their expectations. The origin of
National Valentine Shopping Reminder Day is uncertain. This day is
marked to prevent you from making the error of neglecting to
organize the perfect day or to get the ideal gift for your
significant other. On Valentine's Day, most loved ones want to
know they are cherished and valued. Don't make the mistake of
putting something off until the last minute. National Valentine
Shopping Reminder Day occurs twice: one week and one day before
Valentine's Day. This window allows you to plan the perfect date
or order the chosen Valentine's Day present to ensure it arrives
on time. So, go to work on the planning or buying right now. There
are a variety of ways to observe this occasion. Make a list of
ideas for a unique gift or think of an original way to celebrate
Valentine's Day. Second, if you intend to purchase a present,
place your order or make your purchase as soon as possible. If
you're looking for something a little more low-key, try writing a
poetry or love note. Repeat your first date or establish a new
habit. Traditions are important and have importance. Consider
recreating your first date or a cherished moment you spent with
someone on Valentine's Day. The point is that if you establish a
tradition for how you celebrate a holiday, such as Valentine's
Day, you will build a lasting memory that you will look forward to
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Vintage
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Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: Valentine's Eve: --
International Condom Day: -- A fun, tongue-in-cheek way of
reminding people to practice safety when being intimate with their
partners! The day was set up as a way to remind people that
condoms are one of the best ways to protect themselves not only
from unwanted pregnancies but Sexually Transmitted Diseases
(S.T.D.s) as well. There are variations of the condom so that they
can be used by everyone regardless of their gender. Proper usage
reduces the risk of diseases like gonorrhea, chlamydia, and
HIV/AIDS, among others. Condoms function by forming a physical
barrier that prevents ejaculated semen from the penetrating
partner from entering the body of the penetrated partner. Modern
condoms are primarily made of latex, especially the ones for men.
However, non-latex condoms made of polyurethane also exist. These
can be used by men suffering from latex allergies. Condoms
designed to be used by women also exist, and these are primarily
made of polyurethane. Male condoms are easily available,
affordable, and easy to use. This makes them the most commonly
used method of contraception after female sterilization. Used
correctly, condoms prevent about 98% of pregnancies. However,
since the majority of people do not use condoms properly, this
drops the pregnancy prevention rate to about 82 - 90% of
pregnancies. Condoms are also highly recommended to reduce the
transmission of S.T.D.s. It has contributed significantly to the
reduction of the infection rate for S.T.D.s like AIDS, genital
herpes, chlamydia, and gonorrhea, which are the most common of the
S.T.D.s. Condoms are not perfect but the greatest risk that
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Radio
Broadcasting History Films DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: World Radio Day: -- Join in
the worldwide events for World Radio Day on February 13 and find
out how radio is still changing lives across the globe. World
Radio Day was first proposed by Spain in September 2010. With
backing from broadcasting associations around the world, it was
unanimously accepted by the UNESCO Member States in November 2011.
The cool thing about radio is it's still relevant and important in
our daily lives. During those long drives for vacation or maybe to
work, the radio is still with us, keeping us singing and keeping
us informed. It's like a great friend and neighbor, one who's
always there and never lets you down - except radio will never
borrow your weed whacker and forget to return it. The radio is a
medium that has sustained its usage over time. It is a platform
for providing information, educating people, allowing expression
across cultures, and of course, playing all our favorite music. No
matter how advanced technology becomes, radio is an irreplaceable
medium, especially during the occurrence of natural or man-made
disasters. Many people in history have contributed to perfecting
radio waves and frequencies, but it was Italian inventor Guglielmo
Marconi who proved the feasibility of communication over the
radio. He sent and received a telegram over the first radio signal
in history from Italy in 1895. The first radio station in America
was established in Pittsburgh in 1919, and the FM radio debuted in
1939. Broadcasting over radio went digital in 1994, when radio
streaming started via the internet. This was accompanied by the
first internet-only 24-hour radio station. In 2011, at the 36th
session of UNESCO's General Conference, February 13 was proclaimed
as World Radio Day. This date was chosen by UNESCO's director
general as it was the anniversary date of the United Nations
international broadcasting service, which was created on February
13, 1946. Without using any expensive content or videography,
radio is the only broadcast medium today that delivers
entertainment, local news, sports updates, discussions, great
music, and is an effective way for marketing. Tune in to your
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Tibet
History & The Dalai Lama Documentaries DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: Tibetan Independence Day: --
February 13, 1913: Tibet: The History Of Tibet: The Five Point
Proclamation (The Declaration Of Tibetan Independence, Tibetan
Independence Day): -- The 13th Dalai Lama, Thubten Gyatso
(shortened from Ngawang Lobsang Thupten Gyatso Jigdral Chokley
Namgyal; Tivetna: Thub Bstan Rgya Mtsho) proclaims Tibetan
independence following a period of domination by Manchu Qing
dynasty and initiated a period of almost four decades of
independence. In 1905, the Qing Dynasty sent Zhao Erfeng to Tibet
to retaliate against rebellions. By 1908, Zhao was appointed the
last Imperial Resident of Tibet (Chinese: Amban, "High
Official") in Lhasa, the capital of Tibet. Zhao was beheaded
in December 1911 by Chinese pro-Republican forces during The
Chinese Revolution (The 1911 Revolution, also known as the Xinhai
Revolution). By the end of 1912, the last Chinese Imperial Manchu
troops were forced out of Tibet through India. Thubten Gyatso, the
13th Dalai Lama, returned to Tibet in January 1913 from Sikkim,
where he had been residing. When the new ROC government apologised
for the actions of the Qing and offered to restore the Dalai Lama
to his former position, he replied that he was not interested in
Chinese ranks, that Tibet had never been subordinated to China,
that Tibet was an independent country, and that he was assuming
the spiritual and political leadership of Tibet. Because of this,
many have read this reply as a formal Declaration Of Independence.
The Chinese side ignored the response, and Tibet had thirty years
free of interference from China. Tibetan Independence Day is
celebrated every year on February 13, the anniversary of the
five-point proclamation issued by the 13th Dalai Lama in 1913. In
a reverse from the present, the five-point statement was issued
while Tibet was independent. It was therefore not, as some
describe it, a Declaration Of Independence, but rather a
reassertion or reminder of Tibet's status, acccompanied by some of
the obligations of its citizens. Students for a Free Tibet have
organised Independence Day celebrations since 2013, the 100th
anniversary of the five-point statement. The Five Points are as
follows: " 1. Peace and happiness in this world can only be
maintained by preserving the faith of Buddhism. It is, therefore,
essential to preserve all Buddhist institutions in Tibet, such as
the Jokhang temple and Ramoche in Lhasa, Samye, and Traduk in
southern Tibet, and the three great monasteries, etc.; 2. The
various Buddhist sects in Tibet should be kept in a distinct and
pure form. Buddhism should be taught, learned, and meditated upon
properly. Except for special persons, the administrators of
monasteries are forbidden to trade, loan money, deal in any kind
of livestock, and/or subjugate another's subjects.; 3. The Tibetan
government's civil and military officials, when collecting taxes
or dealing with their subject citizens, should carry out their
duties with fair and honest judgment so as to benefit the
government without hurting the interests of the subject citizens.
Some of the central government officials posted at Ngari Korsum in
western Tibet, and Do Kham in eastern Tibet, are coercing their
subject citizens to purchase commercial goods at high prices and
have imposed transportation rights exceeding the limit permitted
by the government. Houses, properties and lands belonging to
subject citizens have been confiscated on the pretext of minor
breaches of the law. Furthermore, the amputation of citizens'
limbs has been carried out as a form of punishment. Henceforth,
such severe punishments are forbidden.; 4. Tibet is a country with
rich natural resources; but it is not scientifically advanced like
other lands. We are a small, religious, and independent nation. To
keep up with the rest of the world, we must defend our country. In
view of past invasions by foreigners, our people may have to face
certain difficulties, which they must disregard. To safeguard and
maintain the independence of our country, one and all should
voluntarily work hard. Our subject citizens residing near the
borders should be alert and keep the government informed by
special messenger of any suspicious developments. Our subjects
must not create major clashes between two nations because of minor
incidents.; 5. Tibet, although thinly populated, is an extensive
country. Some local officials and landholders are jealously
obstructing other people from developing vacant lands, even though
they are not doing so themselves. People with such intentions are
enemies of the State and our progress. From now on, no one is
allowed to obstruct anyone else from cultivating whatever vacant
lands are available. Land taxes will not be collected until three
years have passed; after that the land cultivator will have to pay
taxes to the government and to the landlord every year,
proportionate to the rent. The land will belong to the
cultivator." On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Japan: A
Cherry Blossom By Many Other Names MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 711 BC: Japan: The History
Of Japan: #BOTD: #HBD! Emperor Jimmu, the first legendary Emperor
of Japan according to the Nihon Shoki (The Chronicles of Japan, is
the second-oldest book of classical Japanese history, also known
as Nihongi) and Kojiki (Records of Ancient Matters. or An Account
of Ancient Matters, also known as Furukotofumi or Furukotobumi, an
early Japanese chronicle of myths, legends, songs, genealogies,
oral traditions, and semi-historical accounts down to 641) (d.
April 9, 585 BC) is #born, according to the legendary account of
the Kojiki, on the first day of the first month of the Chinese
calendar. He is known by a variety of names; both the Kojiki and
the Nihon Shoki give Jimmu's name as Kamu-yamato Iware-biko no
Mikoto, or Kamu-yamato Iware-biko no Sumeramikoto; among his other
names were Wakamikenu no Mikoto, Kamu-yamato Iware-biko hohodemi
no Mikoto, and Hikohohodemi. His legendary accession to the
Japanese throne at Kashihara gu in Kashihara, Nara Prefecture as
the first ruler of the Imperial House of Japan is traditionally
dated as February 11, 660 BC. In Japanese mythology, he was a
descendant of the sun goddess Amaterasu, through her grandson
Ninigi, as well as a descendant of the storm god Susanoo. He
launched a military expedition from Hyuga near the Seto Inland
Sea, captured Yamato, and established this as his center of power.
In modern Japan, Jimmu's legendary accession is marked as National
Foundation Day on February 11, an annual national holiday. The
Kashihara Shrine (Japanese: Kashihara Jingu) in Kashihara, Nara
Prefecture is a Shinto shrine built at the site on April 2 1890 in
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Monarchy
In The UK: British Royal History MP4 Video Download DVD Set
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1689: The English Monarchy
(The Monarchy Of The Kingdom Of England): Royal Accessions:
Successions To The English Throne: -- William III and Mary II are
proclaimed co-rulers of England; they would be crowned as joint
sovereigns of Great Britain on April 11, 1689. Popular histories
usually refer to their joint reign as that of William and Mary.
William and Mary, both Protestants, became king and queen regnant
following the Glorious Revolution, a revolution that saw the
overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a
union of English Parliamentarians with William III, who was
James's nephew and son-in-law. William's successful invasion of
England with a Dutch fleet and army led to his ascension to the
throne as William III of England jointly with his wife, Mary II,
James's daughter, after the Declaration of Right (a document
written to detail the wrongs committed by the King Of England,
James II, and specify the rights that all citizens of England
should be entitled to and that all English monarchs should abide
by), leading to the Bill Of Rights 1689 (an Act of the Parliament
of England that deals with constitutional matters and sets out
certain basic civil rights). William became sole ruler upon Mary's
death in 1694. He reigned as such until his own death in 1702,
when he was succeeded by Mary's sister Anne. Mary wielded less
power than William when he was in England, ceding most of her
authority to him, though he heavily relied on her. She did,
however, act alone when William was engaged in military campaigns
abroad, proving herself to be a powerful, firm, and effective
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Thomas A.
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Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1880: Electricity: The
History Of Electricity: The First Industrial Revolution/The Second
Industrial Revolution (1760-1914): The Electrical Age: Great
Discoveries: Great Discoveries Of Electricity: Thermionic Emission
(Thermal Electron Emission , The Edison Effect): -- Thomas Edison
first observes Thermionic Emission, the liberation of electrons
from an electrode by virtue of its temperature, the releasing of
energy supplied by heat. The classic example of thermionic
emission is that of electrons from a hot cathode, also known as a
thermionic cathode, which is now used in fluorescent lamps, vacuum
tubes, the electron guns used in cathode ray tubes and laboratory
equipment such as electron microscopes, and for electricity
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Nuremberg Trials: Prosecution Of Nazi War Crimes MP4 Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1892: #BOTD: #HBD: Robert H.
Jackson, American lawyer, jurist, and politician, United States
Solicitor General and United States Attorney General, and
associate justice of the U.S. Supreme Court from 1941 until his
death in 1954, the only person to have held all three of those
offices, most notable for his work as Chief United States
Prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials of Nazi war criminals following
World War II (d. October 9, 1954) is #born Robert Houghwout
Jackson on his family's farm in Spring Creek Township, Warren
County, Pennsylvania. Jackson was the last U.S. Supreme Court
justice who did not have a law degree. He was admitted to the bar
via the older tradition of an internship under an established
lawyer ("reading law") after studying at Albany Law
School for just a year. Jackson is well known for his advice that,
"Any lawyer worth his salt will tell the suspect, in no
uncertain terms, to make no statement to the police under any
circumstances", and for his aphorism describing the Supreme
Court, "We are not final because we are infallible, but we
are infallible only because we are final." Jackson developed
a reputation as one of the best writers on the Supreme Court and
one of the most committed to enforcing due process as protection
from overreaching federal agencies. He was viewed as a moderate
liberal and is known for his dissents in Terminiello v. City of
Chicago, Zorach v. Clauson, Everson v. Board of Education, and
Korematsu v. United States, as well as his majority opinion in
West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette. Justice
Antonin Scalia, who occupied the seat once held by Jackson,
considered Jackson to be "the best legal stylist of the 20th
century." On March 30, 1954, Jackson suffered a massive heart
attack. He was confined to Walter Reed Hospital until May 17 when
he returned to the Court. He remained functioning in his position
as Justice his death at 11:45 a.m. on a Saturday when he made his
final purchase in a Washington department store; he got into his
car and headed for the Supreme Court Building, and on the way he
suffered another heart attack. He drove to the nearby home of his
secretary and, within minutes, Robert Houghwout Jackson was dead,
aged 62. Funeral services were held in Washington's National
Cathedral and later in Jamestown's St. Luke's Church. All eight of
the other Supreme Court Justices traveled together to Jamestown,
New York, to attend his funeral service; the last time, for
security purposes, that the Supreme Court all traveled together.
Other prominent guests included Thomas E. Dewey. He was interred
near his boyhood home in Frewsburg, New York. His headstone reads
"He kept the ancient landmarks and built the new." On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
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Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1910: #BOTD: William
Shockley, English-American physicist, inventor and academic, Nobel
Prize laureate (d. August 12, 1989) is #born William Bradford
Shockley Jr. in London, England. He was the manager of a research
group at Bell Labs that included John Bardeen and Walter Brattain.
The three scientists were jointly awarded the 1956 Nobel Prize in
Physics for "their researches on semiconductors and their
discovery of the transistor effect". Partly as a result of
Shockley's attempts to commercialize a new transistor design in
the 1950s and 1960s, California's Silicon Valley became a hotbed
of electronics innovation. In his later life, while a professor of
electrical engineering at Stanford University and afterward,
Shockley became widely known for his shockingly racist views and
crank advocacy of eugenics. William Shockley died of prostate
cancer in Stanford, California at the age of 79. At the time of
his death, he was estranged from most of his friends and family,
except his second wife, the former Emmy Lanning (1913-2007). His
children reportedly learned of his death by reading his obituary
in the newspaper. Shockley is interred at Alta Mesa Memorial Park
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Civil
Rights OTR: Destination Freedom, New World A-Coming CD MP3 USB
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1920: Sports: The History Of
Sports: The History Of Sports In The United States: The History Of
Baseball: The History Of Baseball In The United States: The
History Of Negro League Baseball: -- The Negro National League
(NNL) is formed, going on to play their first game on May 2,
1920in Indianapolis, Indiana. The first Negro National League
(NNL) was one of the several Negro leagues that were established
during the period in the United States when organized baseball was
segregated. The league was formed in 1920 with former player Rube
Foster as its president. Led by Rube Foster, owner and manager of
the Chicago American Giants, the NNL was established on February
13, 1920, by a coalition of team owners at a meeting in a Kansas
City YMCA. The new league was the first African American baseball
circuit to achieve stability and last more than one season. At
first the league operated mainly in midwestern cities, ranging
from Kansas City in the west to Pittsburgh in the east; in 1924 it
expanded into the south, adding franchises in Birmingham, Alabama,
and Memphis, Tennessee. The two most important east coast clubs,
the Hilldale Club of Darby, Pennsylvania, and the Bacharach Giants
of Atlantic City, were affiliated with the NNL as associate clubs
from 1920 to 1922, but did not compete for the championship. In
1923 they and four other eastern teams formed the Eastern Colored
League (ECL) and raided the NNL for many of its top players,
including John Henry Lloyd, Biz Mackey, George Scales, George
Carr, and Clint Thomas, and signing Oscar Charleston, and Reuben
Currie in 1924. The war between the two leagues came to an end in
1924, when they agreed to respect each other's contracts and
arranged for the Colored World Series between their champions. The
NNL survived controversies over umpiring, scheduling, and what
some perceived as league president Rube Foster's disproportionate
influence and favoritism toward his own team. It also outlasted
Foster's decline into mental illness in 1926, and its eastern
rival, the ECL, which folded in early 1928. The NNL finally fell
apart in 1931 under the economic stress of the Great Depression.
The Negro American League, founded in 1937 and including several
of the same teams that played in the original Negro National
League, would eventually carry on as the western circuit of black
baseball. A second Negro National League was organized in 1933,
but eventually became concentrated on the east coast. To
distinguish between the two unrelated leagues, they are usually
referred to as the first Negro National League (NNL I) and the
second Negro National League (NNL II). From 1920 through 1924, the
team in first place at the end of the season was declared the
Pennant winner. Due to the unorthodox nature of the schedule (and
little incentive to enforce it), some teams frequently played many
more games than others did in any given season. This led to some
disputed championships and two teams claiming the title. The 1931
season did not finish all games, which meant that while St. Louis
was awarded the title, non-member Pittsburgh Crawfords disputed
their status as champion. From 1924 to 1927, the pennant champion
went to play in the Negro World Series. Generally, the team with
the best winning percentage (with some minimum number of games
played) was awarded the Pennant, but other times it was the team
with the most victories. The "games behind" method of
recording standings was uncommon in most black leagues. From 1925
through 1931, the NNL split the season into two halves. The winner
of the first half played the winner of the second half for the
league Pennant. As mentioned above, disputes also occurred in the
split season finishes. 1929 and 1931 saw Kansas City win both
halves. For the duration of the league, a Colored World Series
took place four times, from 1924 through 1927. The NNL Pennant
winner met the champion of the rival Eastern Colored League. Three
out of the four years, the Negro National League team won. On Sale
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The X
Planes TV Documentary Series DVD, MP4, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1923: #BOTD: #HBD! Chuck
Yeager, United States Air Force general, flying ace and
record-setting test pilot (d. December 7, 2020) is #born Charles
Elwood Yeager in Myra, West Virginia into a farming family. In
1947, he became the first pilot confirmed to have exceeded the
speed of sound in level flight. Yeager's career began in World War
II as a private in the United States Army Air Forces. After
serving as an aircraft mechanic, in September 1942 he entered
enlisted pilot training and upon graduation was promoted to the
rank of flight officer (the World War II USAAF equivalent to
warrant officer) and became a P-51 fighter pilot. After the war,
Yeager became a test pilot of many types of aircraft, including
experimental rocket-powered aircraft. As the first human to
officially break the sound barrier, on October 14, 1947, he flew
the experimental Bell X-1 at Mach 1 at an altitude of 45,000 ft
(13,700 m). Scott Crossfield was the first to fly faster than Mach
2 in 1953, and Yeager shortly thereafter set a new record of Mach
2.44. Yeager later commanded fighter squadrons and wings in
Germany, and in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War, and in
recognition of the outstanding performance ratings of those units
he was promoted to brigadier general. Yeager's flying career spans
more than 60 years and has taken him to every corner of the globe,
including the Soviet Union during the height of the Cold War.
Chuck Yeager died at the age of 97 in the afternoon at a Los
Angeles hospital. He is buried at Lincoln Memorial Cemetery in
Hamlin, West Virginia. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Kidnapped:
Reliving The Lindbergh Baby Kidnapping Case DVD, MP4, USB
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1935: Crime: Trials Of The
Century: Kidnappings: The Lindbergh Kidnapping (The Kidnapping Of
The Lindbergh Baby): -- A jury in Flemington, New Jersey finds
Bruno Hauptmann guilty of the 1932 kidnapping and murder of the
Lindbergh baby, the son of Charles Lindbergh. On March 1, 1932,
Charles Augustus Lindbergh Jr., 20-month-old son of aviator
Charles Lindbergh and Anne Morrow Lindbergh, was abducted from his
home in Highfields, New Jersey, United States. On May 12, his body
was discovered in the woods nearby. In September 1934, Bruno
Richard Hauptmann was arrested for the crime. After a trial that
lasted from January 2 to February 13, 1935, he was found guilty of
first-degree murder and sentenced to death. Despite his
conviction, he continued to profess his innocence, but all appeals
failed and he was executed in the electric chair at the New Jersey
State Prison on April 3, 1936. Newspaper writer H. L. Mencken
called the kidnapping and trial "the biggest story since the
Resurrection." Legal scholars have referred to the trial as
one of the "trials of the century". The crime spurred
Congress to pass the Federal Kidnapping Act, commonly called the
"Lindbergh Law", which made transporting a kidnapping
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Salvadoran Civil War (1990 Documentary) MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1939: #BOTD: #HBD! Barrie
Dunsmore, Canadian journalist who covered foreign affairs for ABC
News for 30 years, who from 1965 to 1995 reported on virtually
every major international event from Washington and more than one
hundred countries -- from wars, to summits, to the policies of
seven U.S. presidents from Johnson to Clinton (d. August 26, 2018)
is #born in Regina, Saskatchewan, Canada. From the height of the
Cold War until its end, Dunsmore was regularly present when
American presidents and Soviet leaders met. He was with Israeli
troops when they captured the Suez Canal from Egypt in 1967 and
when General Ariel Sharon put the city of Suez under siege in
1973. He was on Henry Kissinger's Middle East Shuttles in the
aftermath of the 1973 war and was with President Jimmy Carter in
the Middle East six years later when he finally cemented the
historic Israeli-Egyptian peace treaty. Dunsmore covered the fall
of South Vietnam in 1975, conducted the first American television
interview with Egyptian President Anwar Sadat, and was with three
former presidents (Nixon, Ford and Carter) who attended Sadat's
funeral. He watched SCUD missiles fall on Saudi Arabia during the
1991 Gulf War. He had a worldwide scoop on the Soviet invasion of
Afghanistan in 1979, and he did the first American television
report on the destruction of the Amazon rainforests in 1988. As
ABC's senior foreign correspondent from 1984 to 1991, Dunsmore
focused on events in Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union as the
Iron Curtain began to disintegrate. Throughout 1989, he witnessed
dramatic moments in the collapse of communism and reported live
for ABC News Nightline from the Berlin Wall the night it began to
fall. After retirement in 1995, Dunsmore became a Fellow at the
Joan Shorenstein Center on the Press, Politics and Public Policy
at the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University.
He received the School of Foreign Service at Georgetown
University's Edward Weintal Prize in 1995. Barrie Dunsmore was the
author of "There and Back: Commentary by a Former Foreign
Correspondent," published in 2011 by Wind Ridge Publishing,
Inc. Former Secretary of State Henry Kissinger said of Dunsmore's
book, "This compilation of essays dating from the weeks when
he accompanied me on the Mideast shuttles in the early 1970's, to
his commentaries on the Arab Spring will mark Dunsmore firmly as
one of the significant journalists of our era." After
retirement, Dunsmore moved to Charlotte, Vermont, and wrote a
Sunday column for the Rutland Herald, the second largest daily
newspaper in the state after The Burlington Free Press. He died on
a Sunday in Washington, D.C. at the age of 79. His burial details
are not publicly disclosed. He was married to Marlene Finlayson
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: 33 1/3
Revolutions Per Monkee (1969) The Monkees DVD MP4 Download USB
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1942: #BOTD: #HBD! Peter
Tork, American musician and actor, best known as the keyboardist
and bass guitarist of The Monkees (d. February 21, 2019) is #born
Peter Halsten Thorkelson at the former Doctors Hospital in
Washington, D.C.. Peter Tork grew up in Connecticut and in the
mid-1960s was part of the Greenwich Village folk scene, and as an
accomplished musician, befriended Stephen Stills. After moving to
Los Angeles with Stills, he was recruited for the musical
television sitcom The Monkees, and became a teenage idol between
1966-68. Tork recorded his debut solo album Stranger Things Have
Happened in 1994, and later toured with his blues band Shoe Suede
Blues. Peter Tork died of adenoid cystic carcinoma, a rare,
slow-growing form of head and neck cancer, at his home in
Mansfield, Connecticut, aged 77. His remains were cremated, and
his ashes were scattered at sea (presumably the Atlantic Ocean off
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: American
World War II Aviation Films MP4 Video Download 2 Disc DVD Set
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13-15, 1945: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Western Front Of World War II: Aviation:
Military Aviation: Air Warfare Of World War II: Strategic Bombing
During World War II: European Air Operations During The Battle Of
Europe: The Bombing Of Dresden: -- A three day British/American
aerial bombing attack begins on the city of Dresden, the capital
of the German state of Saxony. In four raids between February 13
and 15, 1945. 722 heavy bombers of the British Royal Air Force
(RAF) and 527 of the United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) dropped
more than 3,900 tons of high-explosive bombs and incendiary
devices on the city. The bombing and the resulting firestorm
destroyed 2 1/2 square miles of the city centre. An estimated
22,700 to 25,000 people were killed, although larger figures such
as 135,000 killed have been claimed over the years. Three more
USAAF air raids followed, two occurring on 2 March aimed at the
city's railroad marshaling yard and one smaller raid on 17 April
aimed at industrial areas. Immediate German propaganda claims
following the attacks and post-war discussions on whether the
attacks were justified has led to the bombing becoming one of the
moral causes of the war. A 1953 United States Air Force report
defended the operation as the justified bombing of a strategic
target, which they noted was a major rail transport and
communication centre, housing 110 factories and 50,000 workers in
support of the German war effort. Several researchers have
asserted that not all of the communications infrastructure, such
as the bridges, were targeted, nor were the extensive industrial
areas outside the city centre. Critics of the bombing have claimed
that Dresden was a cultural landmark of little or no strategic
significance, and that the attacks were indiscriminate area
bombing and not proportionate to the military gains. Some in the
German far-right refer to the bombing as a "Holocaust".
Large variations in the claimed death toll have fueled the
controversy. In March 1945, the German government ordered its
press to publish a falsified casualty figure of 200,000 for the
Dresden raids, and death toll estimates as high as 500,000 have
been given. The city authorities at the time estimated no more
than 25,000 victims, a figure that subsequent investigations
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: I Want My
Music TV! 1980s Music Television Videos MP4 Download DVD Set
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1950: #BOTD: #HBD! Peter
Gabriel, English singer, songwriter, musician, record producer and
humanitarian who rose to fame as the original lead singer and
flautist of the progressive rock band Genesis, is #born Peter
Brian Gabriel in Chobham, Surrey, England. After leaving Genesis
in 1975, Gabriel launched a successful solo career with "Solsbury
Hill" as his first single. His 1986 album, So, is his
best-selling release and is certified triple platinum in the UK
and five times platinum in the U.S. The album's most successful
single, "Sledgehammer", won a record nine MTV Awards at
the 1987 MTV Video Music Awards. Gabriel has been a champion of
world music for much of his career. He co-founded the WOMAD
festival in 1982. He has continued to focus on producing and
promoting world music through his Real World Records label. He has
also pioneered digital distribution methods for music, co-founding
OD2, one of the first online music download services. Gabriel has
also been involved in numerous humanitarian efforts. In 1980, he
released the anti-apartheid single "Biko". He has
participated in several human rights benefit concerts, including
Amnesty International's Human Rights Now! tour in 1988, and
co-founded the Witness human rights organisation in 1992. Gabriel
developed The Elders with Richard Branson, which was launched by
Nelson Mandela in 2007. Gabriel has won three Brit Awards, winning
Best British Male in 1987, six Grammy Awards, thirteen MTV Video
Music Awards, the first Pioneer Award at the BT Digital Music
Awards, the Q magazine Lifetime Achievement, the Ivor Novello
Award for Lifetime Achievement, and the Polar Music Prize. He was
made a BMI Icon at the 57th annual BMI London Awards for his
"influence on generations of music makers". In
recognition of his many years of human rights activism, he
received the Man of Peace award from the Nobel Peace Prize
laureates, and Time magazine named him one of the 100 most
influential people in the world. AllMusic has described Gabriel as
"one of rock's most ambitious, innovative musicians, as well
as one of its most political". He was inducted into The Rock
And Roll Hall Of Fame as a member of Genesis in 2010, followed by
his induction as a solo artist in 2014. In March 2015, he was
awarded an honorary doctorate from the University of South
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Korea: The
Unknown War TV Korean War Series DVD, Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1951: Korea: The History Of
Korea: The Aftermath Of World War II: The Cold War: The Cold War
In Asia: The Korean Conflict: The Cold War (1947-1953): The Cold
War In Asia: The Korean War: The Battle Of Chipyong-ni (The Battle
Of Dipingli): -- The decisive high-water mark battle of the
Chinese incursion into South Korea begins as various units of the
Chinese People's Volunteer Army (PVA) commence The Battle Of
Chipyong-ni, a turning-point battle against US and French units of
the US 23rd Infantry Regiment around the village of Chipyong-ni,
resulting in a United Nations Command victory that along with The
Third Battle Of Wonju has been called "The Gettysburg Of The
Korean War". After Chinese forces invaded Korea in November
1950, UN forces, uncertain about the intentions and combat
capabilities of the Chinese, drew back behind the 38th parallel
and waited to see what the Chinese would do. Plans were even made
for complete withdrawal from the peninsula. In this climate of
general uncertainty, Lt. General Matthew B. Ridgway decided to
make a stand at Chipyong-ni and also at Wonju. He recognized that
Chinese forces had overstretched their supply lines and would not
be able to keep up their advance much longer. Ridgway intended to
use the 23rd RCT to blunt the Chinese attack so that the Eighth
Army could carry out a counterattack before the Chinese had a
chance to consolidate their forces. On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Black
Civil Rights Films: African-American History DVD, MP4, USB Stick
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1960: Civil Rights
Movements: The American Civil Rights Movement (1954-1968):
Anti-Black Racism In The United States: Discrimination: The Sit-In
Movement (The Sit-In Campaign, The Student Sit-In Movement): The
Nashville Sit-Ins: -- Black college students stage the first of
the Nashville Sit-Ins at three lunch counters in Nashville,
Tennessee. The Nashville Sit-Ins, which lasted from February 13 to
May 10, 1960, were part of a nonviolent direct action campaign to
end racial segregation at lunch counters in downtown Nashville,
Tennessee. The sit-in campaign, coordinated by the Nashville
Student Movement and Nashville Christian Leadership Council, was
notable for its early success and emphasis on disciplined
nonviolence. It was part of a broader sit-in movement that spread
across the Southern United States in the wake of the Greensboro
Sit-Ins in North Carolina. Over the course of the Nashville Sit-In
campaign, sit-ins were staged at numerous stores in the central
business district. Sit-in participants, who consisted mainly of
black college students, were often verbally or physically attacked
by white onlookers. Despite their refusal to retaliate, over 150
students were eventually arrested for refusing to vacate store
lunch counters when ordered to do so by police. At trial, the
students were represented by a group of 13 lawyers, headed by Z.
Alexander Looby. On April 19, Looby's home was bombed, although he
escaped uninjured. Later that day, nearly 4000 people marched to
City Hall to confront Mayor Ben West about the escalating
violence. When asked if he believed the lunch counters in
Nashville should be desegregated, West agreed that they should.
After subsequent negotiations between the store owners and protest
leaders, an agreement was reached during the first week of May. On
May 10, six downtown stores began serving black customers at their
lunch counters for the first time. Although the initial campaign
successfully desegregated downtown lunch counters, sit-ins,
pickets, and protests against other segregated facilities
continued in Nashville until passage of the Civil Rights Act Of
1964, which ended overt, legally sanctioned segregation
nationwide. Many of the organizers of the Nashville Sit-Ins went
on to become important leaders in the Civil Rights Movement. On
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: The Open
Mind With Bill Jenkins Radio Series DVD, MP3 Download, USB
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13, 1961: Archaeology
(Archeology): Pseudoarcheology (Pseudoarchaeology): Out-Of-Place
Artifacts (OOPArts): Paleotechnology: The Coso Artifact: -- An
allegedly 500,000-year-old rock, known as the Coso Artifact, is
discovered near Olancha, California, US, that appears to
anachronistically encase a spark plug. The Coso artifact is an
object claimed by its discoverers to be a spark plug found encased
in a lump of hard clay or rock on February 13, 1961, by Wallace
Lane, Virginia Maxey and Mike Mikesell while they were prospecting
for geodes near the town of Olancha, California, and long claimed
as an example of an out-of-place artifact. If a spark plug is
encased in a 500,000-year-old "geode," this finding
would represent a substantial scientific and historical anomaly,
as spark plugs were invented in the 19th century. Critics have
argued, however, that the concretion, not geode, containing the
Coso artifact can be explained by known natural processes and
credible evidence for it being 500,000 years old is completely
lacking. At the time that Maxey reported the Coso artifact as
having been dated as being 500,000 years old, there was no known
method, including the use of guide fossils, by which either the
artifact or concretion could have been dated as being this old.
The nodule surrounding the spark plug may have accreted in a
matter of years or decades, as demonstrated by examples of very
similar iron or steel artifact-bearing nodules, which are
discussed and illustrated by Cronyn. An investigation by Pierre
Stromberg and Paul Heinrich, with the help of members of the Spark
Plug Collectors of America, identified the artifact as a 1920s-era
Champion spark plug, widely used in the Ford Model T and Model A
engines. SPCA President Chad Windham and other collectors
concurred with his assessment. Stromberg and Heinrich's report
indicates that the spark plug became encased in a concretion
composed of iron derived from the rusting spark plug. Iron and
steel artifacts rapidly form iron-oxide concretions as they rust
in the ground. On April 12, 2018, Pierre Stromberg was contacted
by the family of one of the co-discoverers of the artifact.
Offered an opportunity to physically inspect the artifact,
Stromberg accepted and also arranged for the artifact to be
inspected by a geologist from the University of Washington Earth
and Space Science department. The inspections confirmed the
previous conclusion that the artifact was a 1920s-era Champion
spark plug. It had been claimed to have fossil shells on the
surfaces "that dated back 500,000 years" but the
University of Washington geologist could find no evidence of this
claim. This raises the question of "the qualifications and
competency of the original alleged geologist ... in 1961".
The reason the artifact gained the fame that it did was because of
the shell claim. As of 2019, the artifact resides at the Pacific
Science Center in Seattle, where it is shown in an exhibition
called "What Is Reality?". On Sale @ 15% Off Discount
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Leonardo
da Vinci Documentary DVD MP4 Video Download USB Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: 1965 (some sources list
1967): Great Discoveries: -- Literature: The History Of
Literature: The History Of Italian Literature: The High
Renaissance: The Italian Renaissance: The Madrid Codices I-II (I -
Ms. 8937 i II - Ms. 8936): -- The Madrid Codices I-II, two
manuscripts by Leonardo da Vinci, are discovered in the Biblioteca
Nacional De Espana (The National Library Of Spain), after being
lost for over 250 years, by American researchers led by Dr. Jules
Piccus, Language Professor at the University of Massachusetts. The
Madrid Codices I was finished during 1490 and 1499, and II from
1503 to 1505. The two volumes, containing 197 pages, are bound in
red leather. Topics discussed include mechanics, statics, geometry
and construction of fortifications. There is a list of 116 books
Leonardo was using at the time, including some basic Latin grammar
books. The text is written in Italian dialect with some errors.
The manuscripts are of great importance as they contain about 15%
of Leonardo's notes referenced today, but are also important for
the quality and relevance of the works they contain, which are
among the major engineering treatises of their time. The two
codices were brought to Spain by Pompeo Leoni, a sculptor in the
court of Philip II. After various changes of ownership, they were
transferred to the monastic library of El Escorial and finally to
the Biblioteca Real, where they remained unknown for 252 years.
After Leonardo's death the codices were inherited by his pupil and
heir Francesco Melzi. Over fifty years later Pompeo Leoni, a
sculptor in the service of Philip II, purchased them from Melzi's
son Orazio and brought them to Spain. When he died in 1608 the
manuscripts were transferred to Juan de Espina, a friend of
Francisco de Quevedo y Villegas, portrayed at the time as: "a
gentleman who lives alone in a mansion in Madrid and his servants
are wooden automata." On a visit to Madrid in 1623 the future
Charles I of England became interested in the manuscripts, but
Juan de Espina refused to sell them. The Codex arrived at the
Biblioteca Real in 1712, where for various reasons they remained
lost until 1964. According to Martin Abad, manuscript manager for
the library, their misplacement was "due to the transfer of
the Biblioteca Real to four different locations, a fatal confusion
of a signature and due as well to the aura of Da Vinci, which
blinded many trying to attach their fame to that of the genius."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com 15% Off Commemorative Memorial Title: Desert
Triumph: The Gulf War TV Documentary Series DVD & MP4 Download
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: 1991; The Aftermath Of World
War II: The Cold War: The Cold War (1985-1991) (The End Of The
Cold War): The Gulf War (The Persian Gulf War, Gulf War I):
Operation Desert Storm: The Gulf War Air Campaign: The Amiriyah
Shelter Bombing: -- Two GBU-27 Paveway III laser-guided "smart
bombs" fired by two United States Air Force F-117 stealth
bombers destroy an air-raid shelter ("Public Shelter No. 25")
in the Amiriyah neighborhood of Baghdad, Iraq. Allied forces said
the bunker was being used as a military communications outpost,
but over 400 Iraqi civilians inside were killed. The United States
targeted the Amiriyah shelter because, as the U.S. Department of
Defense stated, though they "knew the Ameriyya facility had
been used as a civil-defense shelter during the Iran-Iraq War",
they believed the shelter was no longer a civil defense shelter
and that it had been converted to a command center or a military
personnel bunker. Human Rights Watch did not accept this
explanation, and stated that "The United States' failure to
give such a warning before proceeding with the disastrous attack
on the Ameriyya shelter was a serious violation of the laws of
war". On Sale @ 15% Off Discount Till Midnight PT!
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic
Marital Guidance & Marriage Counseling Films DVD Download USB
Today, February 13, 2026
February 13: Valentine's Eve: -- Dream
Your Sweet Day: -- Celebrated the day before Valentine's Day as
people spend the day thinking about their sweetheart and preparing
for the oncoming Valentine's Day. This day may be celebrated alone
or with your partner, where you can plan what gifts to give each
other and how you will celebrate the day. Then, you keep thinking
about them as you fall asleep so that you can dream about them.
Those whose partners are not in the same city as them, they dream
about meeting them the next day. And for those who are single, you
can celebrate Dream Your Sweet Day by dreaming about a future
lover or an ideal relationship. When you want something badly, you
have to visualize it clearly in your mind and follow your
visualizations to reality. The same is the philosophy behind Dream
Your Sweet Day. You dream and visualize spending some quality time
with your beloved and, in a way, invoke the cosmic powers to bring
your dreams to life. The idea of Dream Your Sweet Day is to
channel your anticipation into productive thoughts to make your
Valentine's Day special. Since you want to make the big day
special, it helps to get into the mood and plan for the day ahead.
If Valentine's Day is about spending time with your sweetheart,
Dream Your Sweet Day is about spending time planning and prepping
for that time. You plan, discuss, and prepare about how you'll
spend the big day. After making the preparations, go to bed and
drift off into dreaming about the great time you'll be spending
the next day. For single people, it's a great time to dream about
the presence of your future love. Rather than wallowing in
self-pity, often the case when you anticipate loneliness on
Valentine's Day, it is better to switch on positive thoughts. Go
to bed with happy images of celebrating Valentine's Day in the
near future with the love of your life.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Teaserama 1955 Tempest Storm Bettie Page Lili St Cyr DVD MP4 USB
Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: --
Desperation Day: -- Created by the T.V. character Barney Stinson,
as a day on which singles desperately try to find a Valentine's
Day date in the 'Desperation Day' episode, the 16th episode of
season six of the American sitcom "How I Met Your Mother."
The character Lily mentions that she is lonely because her
partner, Marshall, is away living with his mother. She talks about
how especially lonely she is, seeing as Valentine's Day is
approaching. Eventually, Lily travels down to convince her partner
to return for Valentine's Day. Concurrently, two other characters,
Ted and Zoey, are happily dating though they have agreed to take
things slow. Zoey invites Ted to help bake cookies one night; and
when he describes the situation to the rest of the pack as weird,
they tell him he's being asked to spend the night. Ted is
eventually sent home by his girlfriend for being presumptuous. On
February 13, the day before Valentine's Day, Zoey apologizes and
tells Ted she is ready to get serious. Ted, however, withdraws due
to anxiety and pressure. He soon joins Marshall as a way of
avoiding committing to a relationship with Zoey. Later in the
episode, Barney claims that single women will find themselves
desperate on Desperation Day.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Classic
Sex Education Films 1930s-1970s DVD, MP4 Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: -- Kiss
Day: -- There are many types of kisses, and it is the easiest way
to communicate your love for someone. You may give a friend a
quick friendly peck on the cheek, or enjoy a long, passionate
smooch with your partner. Kiss Day celebrates the affection
between people and the role of kisses in cultures across the
world. Celebrate Kiss Day the way it is meant to be celebrated,
with pecks and kisses! Just like a picture can say more than a
thousand words, a kiss can express what more than a thousand words
may not be able to in a tender relationship. When you kiss a
person with love - whether a peck on the cheek, an air kiss with
the cheeks pressed together, or a full-blown French kiss, it is
the perfect way to represent your care and affection. We celebrate
Kiss Day every February 13, and it is a good time to remember that
romantic kissing isn't the only kind of kissing! There are many
kinds of kisses that are exchanged in traditions across the world.
Among high society, it is quite common and perfectly acceptable to
greet with a kiss on each cheek, a tradition that goes way back
before the New World was even discovered. It is also common to
kiss young children as a show of affection. Kissing has played an
important role in social bonding and converting affection without
having to say anything. Celebrating Kiss Day is so easy! All you
have to do is give a kiss to your partner, friends, family, and
your pets! Nowadays, most people spend their time in front of a
screen, and people are becoming lonelier - a kiss might be all we
need to bridge the gaps that have emerged from our busy
lifestyles. Lucky for us, kissing has many health benefits, too!
Both mental health and physical well-being are important, and
kissing benefits both. You might not know this, but kissing can
burn up to 6.4 calories per minute. Who needs the gym when you can
kiss often? Another great thing about kissing is how it transcends
cultural norms. Everybody loves a kiss, regardless of the country
or customs. It is a universal language of expressing love - and
when language fails, a kiss will come to your rescue!
https://store.earthstation1.com/classic-sex-education-films-dvd.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Emily
Dickinson Documentary DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: --
Self-Love Day/International Natural Day: -- An annual celebration
to appreciate and understand the importance of self-love.
Self-love is one of the most powerful forms of love. It is
something that we all have coded inside us. Proponents of
self-love believe that it could strengthen a person's feeling of
being loved. The date coincides with Valentine's week, and it is
celebrated so that people can be strong enough to love themselves
by the next day and not need a romantic partner on February 14. Do
you love yourself the most? Most people find it easy to do so, but
most people are afraid to admit it. Some people consider self-love
to be selfish. That is not true at all. Selfishness stems from the
idea that others shouldn't have it, whereas self-love means trying
your best to have the best. Self-love is a strong trait that can
help you succeed in life. Self-love is not a new concept; it is an
extensively debated topic all over the world. In ancient Greece,
self-love was considered one of the six types of love. It is also
discussed by Sikhs, Christian theologians, philosophers, and
psychologists. However, self-love first entered the mainstream
psyche and popular culture during the Beat Generation of the 1950s
and the Hippie era of the 1960s. Popular literature and poems have
since discussed the topic in depth. It has even helped minorities
develop their self-confidence in a society with predominantly
White beauty standards in the 1970s. Self-Love Day is all about
understanding the power of self-love and the positive impact it
can have on our lives. It can help boost our confidence and
courage. It can also help us analyze situations calmly and react
as if there is a little more to a person who loves themselves and
worries about what others might think. Christine Arylo started the
first Self-Love Day. The day is one day before Valentine's Day.
This day can help you realize the strength of self-love and how
different your outlook will be after you realize it. Valentine's
Day is the time when people become miserable about being single.
Seeing happy couples enjoying everything around them can wreck a
single person's confidence. But once we understand the power of
self-love, we can move on with confidence that you are always
loved for who you are.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Women's
Rights Women's Suffrage The Women's Movement MP4 Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: --
Galentine's Day: -- Celebrates the female friends in our life! Our
girlfriends should receive as quick a showering with gifts and
treats today as our significant others do on February 14, so
today, the day prior, this holiday was specifically designed to
celebrate the other equally important relationships with the
fairer sex in our lives! Today is a time to bring together the
ladies in your life you love most. The female friendships we so
heavily rely on are celebrated each year on Galentine's Day on
February 13. Originating from the popular TV show 'Parks and
Recreation,' the holiday is all about declaring love and affection
to the girls who make up our support system. Go Girl Power!
Galentine's Day was the creation of the beloved fictional deputy
director of Parks and Recreation in Pawnee, Indiana, Leslie Knope.
The show's writers centered the 16th episode of the second season
of Parks and Recreation around Leslie's favorite February
tradition, Galentine's Day. Over a brunch of waffles and excessive
gift-giving, Leslie celebrates the joy of female friendship with
close friends and co-workers. What was previously an unknown and
unofficial holiday immediately skyrocketed in popularity, so much
so that businesses have created Galentine's Day promotions in
honor of the celebration. Special happy hours, group spa
discounts, and brunch deals are popular ways to honor the
occasion, as the once fictional holiday filled a void in the
Valentine's Day market that left single women feeling alienated by
the pomp and circumstance of the lover's holiday. The holiday that
Knope invented bares striking similarities to her character -
over-the-top generosity and impassioned sincerity. Galentine's Day
is to Valentine's Day what Friendsgiving is to Thanksgiving: a
chance to recognize the impact that our friends have on our lives
and thank them for their steadfast loyalty, love, and laughter. We
could go on, but we think Leslie explains Galentine's Day best:
"Every February 13, my ladyfriends and I leave our husbands
and our boyfriends at home, and we just come and kick it,
breakfast-style. Ladies celebrating ladies. It's like Lilith Fair,
minus the angst. Plus frittatas."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Top Gun
And Beyond DVD (1988) + Bonus Dogfight Documentary Set MP4 DVD
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: -- National
Wingman Day: -- A day to when especially men (but women too!)
celebrate supportive friends, sidekicks, and true heroes who have
our backs in difficult circumstances. We should all have a
wingman. A friend who supports, encourages, and gives advice when
we need it. This special day aims to show appreciation to the
person who is on our left and lends us a hand whenever we need
help. It is also about strengthening morale by devoting time to
building relationships between co-workers. In case you are
wondering where the term 'wingman comes from, it's from the U.S.
Air Force flying community. The word stems from a time-honored
tradition that says a wingman will always watch the lead pilot_s
back, stay with and protect him or her. The term originated in
combat aviation. When pilots are flying in formation, especially
in training for combat or in actual aerial combat, the person next
to the pilot is referred to as the wingman. The pilot is
traditionally on their right but they are sometimes on either
side. The wingman is the man on the pilot's wing. Pilots are often
trained to attack and defend in pairs watching out for each other
in aerial combat. This Culture of Airmen includes integrity,
service before self, and excellence in all they do. They
accomplish their mission as a dedicated team. To succeed, airmen
engage with other airmen in a way that fosters communication and
connection. Practicing to be a good wingman needs to happen daily.
The idea behind National Wingman Day is that every day should be a
Wingman Day. In everyday life, a wingman is part of a pair of
friends socializing together, approaching other pairs and groups
while avoiding the awkwardness of acting alone. The wingman
strikes up a conversation and proposes group social activities,
providing their friend with a pleasant and unthreatening social
pretext to chat or flirt with a particularly attractive person.
The wingman can also keep their friends safe by preventing them
from drinking excessively or behaving in a reckless or socially
embarrassing way.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: El Hajj
Malik El Shabazz: Malcolm X Biography DVD Download USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Valentine's Eve: -- Black
Love Day: -- A day created to demonstrate love, forgiveness, and
acceptance among black people. Ms. Ayo Handy-Kendi, the founder of
the African American Holiday Association, received inspiration to
celebrate the day in 1993, after watching a movie where a black
man was murdered by other black people. She decided to take action
to promote peace and speak out against violence by creating the
day, which has now expanded to include other races. Black Love Day
was created in 1993 by Ayo Handy-Kendi, popularly known as 'Mama
Ayo,' an author, breathologist, and founder of the African
American Holiday Association (AAHA). In January 1993, Handy-Kendi
watched Malcolm X shot down by other black people, and was
particularly moved by the incident. As she sat alone on a bus on
her way back home, her thoughts drifted to what she could do to
stop the violence and engender peace. Recalling that moment,
Handy-Kendi said - "I heard the creator say to me that we
need more black love." This was what inspired her to
celebrate Black Love Day in February that year. After losing her
son to an act of violence, she celebrated the day once again, the
following year. In an interview with 'The Daily Dot', Handy-Kendi
explained how the day was to be celebrated. Said she - "We
encourage people on this day to do something very simple - just
demonstrate love for 24 hours, and celebrate and atone, offer
forgiveness to ourselves and to others, and to accept the very
important tenets - what we call the five black love tenets."
People are also encouraged to greet one another with Nya Akoma"
- a phrase that means "get a heart" or "be
patient." The celebrations have now expanded to include white
people to "show love in action on Black Love Day,"
thanks to a suggestion made by Handy-Kendi's significant other.
This inclusivity was needed so that both, the blacks and the
whites, could heal their relationships and return to love. This
necessitated that the whites examine their white privilege and
racial attitudes. Today, on social media, Black Love Day has
become a popular hashtag, thereby helping to spread more awareness
about the day.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Eat The
Document (1966) Bob Dylan DVD, MP4 Video Download, Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13: Get A Different Name Day: --
A day when the famous adage "What's in a name?" matters.
When we are born, our parents enthusiastically give us names that
they most connect with. However many times we get an urge to
change our name, this day is the perfect opportunity to do just
that. You can actually change your legal name if it's been on the
cards or, if you don't want to, you can just do it for fun on all
your social media accounts for the day or tell your friends and
family that you won't respond to any other name than your new
chosen one for the day. Get A Different Name Day was created by
Ruth and Tom Roy as a fun holiday. They once said that "On
this day, we may change our names to whatever we wish and have the
right to expect colleagues, family, and friends to so address us."
Getting a different name has had its own history and culture
throughout the years. It dates back thousands of years ago to when
Abraham, a prominent figure in three different major world
religions changed his name from 'Abram,' which means "exalted
father", to 'Abraham,' which means 'multitude.' His wife also
followed suit by changing her name from Sarai to Sarah. Many name
changes are believed to have happened after a life-altering
moment. In many parts of the world, it is customary to change your
name on momentous occasions in life. For instance, women typically
changed their last names after marriage, however, in current
times, many either retain their maiden name or adopt a
double-barrel surname with their maiden name and their husband's
surname. A name change can also help people adopt a new identity,
especially for some who might have a negative association with
their existing name or who are seeking emancipation. Name-changing
not only applies to people but also countries throughout history.
Some notable changes include Holland becoming the Netherlands,
ancient Ceylon became modern-day Sri Lanka, The Republic Of
Macedonia became The Republic Of North Macedonia, and
Czechoslovakia, which became two different countries: The Czech
Republic, or Czechia, and Slovakia, to name a few.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: KTLA:
The First 35 Years: Los Angeles TV Station Channel 5 DVD MP4 USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 2015: #DOTD: #RIP: Stan
Chambers, American journalist, actor and television reporter who
worked for KTLA in Los Angeles from 1947 to 2010 (b. August 11,
1923) #dies at his home in the Holmby Hills neighborhood of Los
Angeles at the age of 91. Chambers was predeceased by his first
wife Beverly, who died of cancer in 1989. He was survived by his
second wife GiGi, 11 children, 38 grandchildren and 8
great-grandchildren. Stan Chambers is interred at Holy Cross
Cemetery in Culver City, California, beside his beloved wife
Beverly. Born Stanley Holroyd Chambers in Los Angeles, his career
began shortly after KTLA became the first commercially licensed TV
station in the western United States. His April 1949 on-scene
27_-hour report of the unsuccessful attempt to rescue Kathy Fiscus
from an abandoned well in San Marino, California prompted the sale
of hundreds of TV sets in the Los Angeles area. His report has
been recognized as the first live coverage of a breaking news
story. In 1952, Chambers was involved in the first live telecast
of an atomic bomb test at the Nevada Test Site. Among other
stories he covered were the 1961 Bel Air fires, the 1963 Baldwin
Hills Reservoir Dam Break, the 1971 Sylmar and 1994 Northridge
Earthquakes, the 1963 kidnapping of Frank Sinatra Jr., the 1965
Watts Riots, the Assassination Of Robert F. Kennedy, the
Tate-LaBianca Murders by the Manson Family, and the Hillside
Strangler. Chambers broke the story on the beating of Rodney King
by Los Angeles Police Department officers. Chambers earned several
Emmy Awards, Golden Mike Awards, LA City and County Proclamations,
an LA Press Club Award, and a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
His grandson, Jaime Chambers, became a reporter at KTLA in 2003,
and now works at KSWB-TV (Fox-5) in San Diego. Chambers retired on
August 11, 2010 on his 87th birthday, marking 63 years as a
reporter at KTLA.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Occult History Of The Third Reich DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1883: #DOTD: #RIP: Richard
Wagner, German composer, theatre director, polemicist, and
conductor who is chiefly known for his operas (or, as some of his
mature works were later known, "music dramas") (b. May
22, 1813) #dies of a heart attack at the age of 69 at Ca'
Vendramin Calergi, a 16th-century palazzo on the Grand Canal of
Venice, Italy. He is buried at Wahnfried, Richard Wagner's villa
in Bayreuth, Bavaria, Germany, next to where his second and final
wife Cosima would also be interred. Richard Wagner was born
Wilhelm Richard Wagner to an ethnic German family in the Jewish
quarter in Leipzig at No 3, the Bruhl (The House of the Red and
White Lions). Unlike most opera composers, Wagner wrote both the
libretto and the music for each of his stage works. Initially
establishing his reputation as a composer of works in the romantic
vein of Carl Maria Von Weber and Giacomo Meyerbeer, Wagner
revolutionised opera through his concept of the Gesamtkunstwerk
("total work of art"), by which he sought to synthesise
the poetic, visual, musical and dramatic arts, with music
subsidiary to drama. He described this vision in a series of
essays published between 1849 and 1852. Wagner realised these
ideas most fully in the first half of the four-opera cycle Der
Ring des Nibelungen (The Ring of the Nibelung). His compositions,
particularly those of his later period, are notable for their
complex textures, rich harmonies and orchestration, and the
elaborate use of leitmotifs (musical phrases associated with
individual characters, places, ideas, or plot elements). His
advances in musical language, such as extreme chromaticism and
quickly shifting tonal centres, greatly influenced the development
of classical music. His Tristan und Isolde is sometimes described
as marking the start of modern music. Wagner had his own opera
house built, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus, which embodied many novel
design features. The Ring and Parsifal were premiered here and his
most important stage works continue to be performed at the annual
Bayreuth Festival, run by his descendants. His thoughts on the
relative contributions of music and drama in opera were to change
again, and he reintroduced some traditional forms into his last
few stage works, including Die Meistersinger Von Nurnberg (The
Mastersingers of Nuremberg). Until his final years, Wagner's life
was characterised by political exile, turbulent love affairs,
poverty and repeated flight from his creditors. His controversial
writings on music, drama and politics have attracted extensive
comment. The effect of his ideas can be traced in many of the arts
throughout the 20th century; his influence spread beyond
composition into conducting, philosophy, literature, the visual
arts and theatre.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Art In
The Third Reich TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1991: #DOTD: Arno Breker,
German sculptor who is best known for his public works in Nazi
Germany, where they were endorsed by the authorities as the
antithesis of degenerate art (b. July 19, 1900) #dies aged 90 in
Dusseldorf, Germany. He is buried in Nordfriedhof Cemetery in
Dusseldorf. Arno Breker was born in Elberfeld, Kingdom of Prussia,
German Empire. He was made official state sculptor, and exempted
from military service. One of his better known statues is Die
Partei, representing the spirit of the Nazi Party that flanked one
side of the carriage entrance to Albert Speer's new Reich
Chancellery. After the fall of Nazi Germany in 1945 Breker
continued to thrive professionally as a sculptor in the new West
Germany. The son of stonemason Arnold Breker, he began hegan his
career by studying architecture, along with stone-carving and
anatomy. At age 20 he entered the Dusseldorf Academy of Arts where
he concentrated on sculpture, studying under Hubert Netzer and
Wilhelm Kreis. He first visited Paris in 1924, shortly before
finishing his studies. There he met with Jean Cocteau, Jean
Renoir, Pablo Picasso, Daniel-Henry Kahnweiler, and Alfred
Flechtheim. In 1927 he moved to Paris, which he thereafter
considered to be his home, in the same year he had an exhibition
with Alf Bayrle. Breker was quickly accepted by the art dealer
Alfred Flechtheim. He also established close relationships with
important figures in the art world, including Charles Despiau,
Isamu Noguchi, Maurice de Vlaminck and Andre Dunoyer de Segonzac,
all of whom he later portrayed. He travelled to North Africa,
producing lithographs which he published under the title "Tunisian
Journey". He also visited Aristide Maillol, who was later to
describe Breker as "Germany's Michelangelo". In 1932, he
was awarded a prize by the Prussian Ministry of Culture, which
allowed him to stay in Rome for a year. In 1934 he returned to
Germany on the advice of Max Liebermann. At this time Alfred
Rosenberg, editor of the Nazi newspaper Volkischer Beobachter,
actually denounced some of Breker's work as degenerate art.
However, Breker was supported by many Nazi leaders, especially
Adolf Hitler. Even Rosenberg later hailed his sculptures as
expressions of the "mighty momentum and will power"
("Wucht und Willenhaftigkeit") of Nazi Germany. He took
commissions from the Nazis from 1933 through 1942, for example
participating in a show of his work in occupied Paris in 1942,
where he met Jean Cocteau, who appreciated his work. He maintained
personal relationships with Albert Speer and with Hitler. In 1936
he won the commission for two sculptures representing athletic
prowess, to be entered in the 1936 Olympic games arts competition
in Berlin, one representing a Decathlete ("Zehnkampfer"),
which won the silver medal for statues, and the other The Victress
("Die Siegerin"). In 1937 he married Demetra Messala, a
Greek model. The same year, Breker joined the Nazi Party and was
made "official state sculptor" by Hitler, given a large
property and provided a studio with forty-three assistants. Breker
was on a list of 378 "Gottbegnadeten" (divinely gifted)
artists exempted from wartime military duty by Hitler and chief
propagandist Joseph Goebbels. His twin sculptures The Party and
The Army held a prominent position at the entrance to Albert
Speer's new Reich Chancellery, as well as Josef Thorak's "Striding
Horses" (1939), which until 1945 flanked the entrance stairs
on the garden front of Adolf Hitler's Reich Chancellery in Berlin.
The neoclassical nature of his work, with titles like Comradeship,
Torchbearer, and Sacrifice, typified Nazi ideals, and suited the
characteristics of Nazi architecture. On closer inspection,
though, the proportions of his figures, the highly colouristic
treatment of his surfaces (the strong contrasts between dark and
light accents), and the melodramatic tension of their musculatures
perhaps invites comparison with the Italian Mannerist sculptors of
the 16th century. This Mannerist tendency to Breker's
neoclassicism may suggest closer affinities to concurrent
expressionist tendencies in German Modernism than is acknowledged.
Until the fall of the Third Reich, Breker was a professor of
visual arts in Berlin. Ninety percent of Breker's public works
were destroyed during the bombings of Germany toward the end of
the war. In 1946, Breker was offered a commission by Soviet leader
Joseph Stalin, but he refused, saying "One dictatorship is
sufficient for me". In 1948 Breker was designated as a
"fellow traveller" of the Nazis and fired, despite which
he continued to thrive professionally. He returned to Dusseldorf,
now in the new West Germany, which remained his base, with periods
of residence in Paris. During this time he worked as an architect.
However, he continued to receive commissions for sculptures,
producing a number of works in his familiar classical style,
working for businesses and individual patrons. He also produced
many portrait busts. In 1970 he was commissioned by the king of
Morocco to produce work for the United Nations Building in
Casablanca, but the work was destroyed. Many other works followed,
including sculptures for Dusseldorf's city hall, portraits of
Anwar Sadat and Konrad Adenauer, and a statue of Pallas Athene,
helmeted and throwing a spear in the same bombastic style as his
Nazi-era work. Breker's rehabilitation continued, culminating in
the creation of a Breker museum, funded by the Bodenstein family,
who set aside Schloss Norvenich (between Aachen and Cologne) for
the purpose. The Arno Breker Museum was inaugurated in 1985, and
still open in 2021.Breker's rehabilitation led to backlashes from
anti-Nazi activists, including controversy in Paris when some of
his works were exhibited at the Centre Georges Pompidou in 1981.
In the same year anti-Breker demonstrations accompanied an
exhibition in Berlin. Breker's admirers insisted that he had never
been a supporter of Nazi ideology, but had simply accepted their
patronage. Breker's last major work was a monumental sculpture of
Alexander the Great intended to be located in Greece. Arno Breker
was married twice. His first wife, Demetra Messala, was a Greek
model. She died in 1956 in a car accident. He remarried in 1958 to
Charlotte Kluge. They had two children, Gerhart (1959) and Carola
(1962). Breker remained married to Kluge until his death.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Triumph
Of The West 13 Part TV Documentary Series DVD, Download, USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1633: Religion: The History
Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Christianity: Roman Catholicism:
The Latin Church (Latin: Ecclesia Latina): The Roman Curia: The
Roman Inquisition (Suprema Congregatio Sanctae Romanae Et
Universalis Inquisitionis [Latin: "The Supreme Sacred
Congregation Of The Roman And Universal Inquisition"]): The
Galileo Affair: -- Galileo Galilei, Italian astronomer, physicist,
engineer and polymath Galileo, arrives in Rome for his trial
before The Roman Inquisition of the Holy See of the Roman Catholic
Church on suspicion of heresy "for holding as true the false
doctrine taught by some that the sun is the center of the world"
On June 22, 1633, after having been interrogated under the threat
of physical torture, Galileo was found guilty of heresy by a panel
of theologians, consisting of Melchior Inchofer, Agostino Oreggi
and Zaccaria Pasqualigo, and forced to recant, in the form he
presented it, that the Sun, not the Earth, was the center of the
Universe, and that after heated controversy. Galileo was
prosecuted for his support of heliocentrism, the astronomical
model in which the Earth and planets revolve around the Sun at the
centre of the universe. The sentence of the Inquisition, issued
the same day he was found guilty consisted of three essential
parts: 1) Galileo was found "vehemently suspect of heresy",
namely of having held the opinions that the Sun lies motionless at
the centre of the universe, that the Earth is not at its centre
and moves, and that one may hold and defend an opinion as probable
after it has been declared contrary to Holy Scripture. He was
required to "abjure, curse, and detest" those opinions;
2) He was sentenced to formal imprisonment at the pleasure of the
Inquisition.[60] On the following day this was commuted to house
arrest, which he remained under for the rest of his life; and 3)
His offending Dialogue was banned; and in an action not announced
at the trial, publication of any of his works was forbidden,
including any he might write in the future. After a period with
the friendly Archbishop Piccolomini in Siena, Galileo was allowed
to return to his villa at Arcetri near Florence, where he spent
the rest of his life under house arrest. He continued his work on
mechanics, and in 1638 he published a scientific book in Holland.
His standing would remain questioned at every turn. In March 1641,
Vincentio Reinieri, a follower and pupil of Galileo, wrote him at
Arcetri that an Inquisitor had recently compelled the author of a
book printed at Florence to change the words "most
distinguished Galileo" to "Galileo, man of noted name".
On the carefully chosen date of Halloween 1992 - 369 years later
(1 year less than 360) - Pope John Paul II at last acknowledged
that the Roman Catholic Church had erred in condemning Galileo for
asserting that the Earth revolves around the Sun, saying that the
theologians who condemned Galileo did not recognize the formal
distinction between the Bible and its interpretation.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Second Russian Revolution TV Series DVD, Video Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1984: The Soviet Union (The
Union Of Soviet Socialist Republics, USSR): The History Of The
Soviet Union: The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union: General
Secretaries Of The Communist Party Of The Soviet Union: --
Konstantin Chernenko succeeds the late Yuri Andropov as general
secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union. Konstantin
Ustinovich Chernenko (September 24, 1911 - March 10, 1985) was a
Soviet politician and the fifth General Secretary of the Communist
Party of the Soviet Union. He led the Soviet Union from 13
February 1984 until his death thirteen months later, on 10 March
1985, when he was succeeded by Mikhail Gorbachev. Chernenko was
also Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet from April
11, 1984 until his death.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-second-russian-revolution-6-dvd-set-complete-tv-serie6.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: DJ
Madness! 1950s-60s-70s Radio Shows DVD, MP3 Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 2023: #DOTD: #RIP: Huey
"Piano" Smith, African American rhythm and blues pianist
whose sound was influential in the development of rock and roll,
best known for his classic signature tunes "Don't You Just
Know It" and "Rockin' Pneumonia and the Boogie Woogie
Flu"(b. January 26, 1934) #dies at his home in Baton Rouge,
Louisiana, on February 13, 2023, aged 89. His burial details are
not publicly disclosed. Huey Smith was #born Huey Pierce Smith in
the Central City neighborhood of New Orleans. He was influenced by
the innovative work of Professor Longhair. He became known for his
shuffling right-handed break on the piano that influenced other
Southern players. His piano playing incorporated the boogie-woogie
styles of Pete Johnson, Meade Lux Lewis, and Albert Ammons, the
jazz style of Jelly Roll Morton and the rhythm-and-blues style of
Fats Domino.
https://store.earthstation1.com/dj-radio-airchecks-mp3-dvd-1950s60s70s-dis319506070.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Everly Brothers' Rock 'N' Roll Odyssey MP4 Video Download DVD
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1919: #BOTD: #HBD! Tennessee
Ernie Ford, American singer, actor and television host who enjoyed
success in the country and western, pop, and gospel musical genres
(d. October 17, 1991) is #born Ernest Jennings Ford in Bristol,
Tennessee. Noted for his rich bass-baritone voice and down-home
humor, he is remembered for his hit recordings of "The
Shotgun Boogie" and "Sixteen Tons". He became a
household name as "Cousin Ernie" on the I Love Lucy
Show, and that plus his massive crossover hit "Sixteen Tons"
scored him his own prime-time variety program, The Ford Show,
which ran on NBC television from October 4, 1956, to June 29,
1961, which featured such guests as The Everly Brothers. Tennessee
Ernie Ford died in the H. C. A. Reston Hospital Center, in Reston,
Virginia. Ford is interred at Alta Mesa Memorial Park, Palo Alto,
California.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: DJ
Madness! 1950s-60s-70s Radio Shows DVD, MP3 Download, USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 2010: #DOTD: #RIP: Dale
Hawkins, pioneer American rock, rock and roll and rockabilly
singer, songwriter, and rhythm guitarist, often called the
architect of swamp rock boogie (b. August 22, 1936) #dies of colon
cancer in Little Rock, Arkansas, February 13, aged 73. He is
buried at Riverside Cemetery in Saint Paul, Arkansas. Dale Hawkins
was born Delmar Allen Hawkins in St. Mary Parish, Louisiana. He
began his recording career in 1956. In 1957, Hawkins was playing
at Shreveport, Louisiana clubs, and although his music was
influenced by the new rock and roll style of Elvis Presley and the
guitar sounds of Scotty Moore, Hawkins blended that with the
uniquely heavy blues sound of black Louisiana artists for his
recording of his swamp-rock classic, "Susie Q." Fellow
Louisiana guitarist and future Rock And Roll Hall Of Famer James
Burton provided the signature riff and solo. The song was chosen
as one of The Rock And Roll Hall Of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped
Rock and Roll. An accompanying album, Oh! Suzy Q was released in
1958. Creedence Clearwater Revival's version of the song on their
1968 debut album helped launch their career and today it is
probably the best-known version. In 1958 Hawkins recorded a single
of Willie Dixon's "My Babe" at the Chess Records studio
in Chicago, featuring Telecaster guitarist Roy Buchanan. He went
on to a long and successful career. He recorded more songs for
Chess into the early 1960s. However, his career was not limited to
recording or performing. He hosted a teen dance party, The Dale
Hawkins Show, on WCAU-TV in Philadelphia. He then became a record
producer, and found success with The Uniques' "Not Too Long
Ago," the Five Americans' "Western Union," and
Bruce Channel's "Hey! Baby". In 1998, Ace Records issued
a compilation album, Dale Hawkins, Rock 'n' Roll Tornado, which
contained a collection of his early works and previously
unreleased material. Other recordings included his 1969 country
rock album, L.A., Memphis & Tyler, Texas; and a 1999 release,
Wildcat Tamer, of all-new recordings that garnered Hawkins a
4-star review in Rolling Stone. He was executive vice president of
Abnak Records; Vice President, Southwest Division, Bell Records
(here he produced Bruce Channel, Ronnie Self, James Bell, the
Festivals, the Dolls, and the Gentrys); and A & R director,
RCA West Coast Rock Division, working with Michael Nesmith and
Harry Nilsson. In the 1990s, he produced "Goin Back to
Mississippi" by R. L. Burnside's slide guitarist, Kenny
Brown. Hawkins' pioneering contributions have been recognized by
the Rockabilly Hall of Fame. Ronnie Hawkins, American rockabilly
singer-songwriter, long based in Canada, whose career spanned more
than half a century, was his cousin.
https://store.earthstation1.com/dj-radio-airchecks-mp3-dvd-1950s60s70s-dis319506070.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Jack Of Diamonds 1949 Nigel Patrick Cyril Raymond DVD, MP4, USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1899: #BOTD: #HBD! Cyril
Raymond, British character actor (d. March 20, 1973) is #born
Cyril William North Raymond in Bristol, England. Cyril William
North Raymond MBE maintained a stage and screen career from his
teens until his retirement, caused by ill health, in the 1960s.
His many stage, film and television roles include Fred Jesson, the
husband of Celia Johnson's Laura Jesson in Brief Encounter (1945)
and Roger Keen in Jack Of Diamonds (1949), which he co-wrote with
his costar Nigel Patrick. Cyril Raymond died of a non-communicable
disease in the Wealden District of Ripe, East Sussex, England,
aged 74. He is buried at an undisclosed location in London,
England.
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: After
The Fox (1966) Peter Sellers Victor Mature DVD MP4 USB Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1996: #DOTD: #RIP: Martin
Balsam, American actor, director, and screenwriter who had a
prolific career in character roles in film, in theatre, and on
television (b. November 4, 1919) #dies of a stroke in his hotel
room while vacationing in Rome, Italy. He was 76 years old. He is
interred at Cedar Park Cemetery, in Emerson, New Jersey. Martin
Balsam was born Martin Henry Balsam in the Bronx, New York City to
Russian Jewish parents. An early member of the Actors Studio, he
began his career on the New York stage, winning a Tony Award for
Best Actor in a Play for Robert Anderson's You Know I Can't Hear
You When the Water's Running (1968). He won the Academy Award for
Best Supporting Actor for his performance in A Thousand Clowns
(1965). His other notable film roles include Juror #1 in 12 Angry
Men (1957), private detective Milton Arbogast in Psycho (1960),
Hollywood agent O.J. Berman in Breakfast at Tiffany's (1961),
Bernard B. Norman in The Carpetbaggers (1964), Lt. Commander
Chester Potter, the ship doctor, in The Bedford Incident, Colonel
Cathcart in Catch-22 (1970), Admiral Husband E. Kimmel in Tora!
Tora! Tora! (1970), Mr. Green in The Taking of Pelham One Two
Three (1974), Signor Bianchi in Murder on the Orient Express
(1974), and Howard Simons in All the President's Men (1976). He
had a recurring role as Dr. Milton Orloff on the television drama
Dr. Kildare (1963-66), and Murray Klein on the sitcom Archie
Bunker's Place (1979-83). In addition to his Oscar and Tony
Awards, Balsam was also a BAFTA Award, Golden Globe Award, and
Emmy Award nominee. With Joyce Van Patten, he was the father of
actress Talia Balsam.
https://store.earthstation1.com/after-the-fox-dvd-1966-peter-sellers-victor-matur1966.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: Art
Documentaries And Films DVD MP4 Video Download USB Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1938: #BOTD: #HBD! Oliver
Reed, English actor known for his well-to-do, macho image and
"hellraiser" lifestyle (d. May 2, 1999) is #born Robert
Oliver Reed at 9 Durrington Park Road, Wimbledon, southwest
London, England. After making his first significant screen
appearances in Hammer Horror films in the early 1960s, his notable
films include The Trap (1966), playing Bill Sikes in the 1968 Best
Picture Oscar winner Oliver! (a film directed by his uncle Carol
Reed), Women in Love (1969), Hannibal Brooks (1969), The Devils
(1971), Revolver (1973), portraying Athos in The Three Musketeers
(1973) and The Four Musketeers (1974); the lover and stepfather in
Tommy (1975), The Brood (1979), Lion of the Desert (1981),
Castaway (1986), The Adventures of Baron Munchausen (1988), Funny
Bones (1995) and Gladiator (2000). For playing Antonius Proximo,
the old, gruff gladiator trainer in Ridley Scott's Gladiator, in
what was his final film, Reed was posthumously nominated for the
BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role in 2000. At the
peak of his career, in 1971, British exhibitors voted Reed fifth
most popular star at the box office. The British Film Institute
(BFI) stated that "partnerships with Michael Winner and Ken
Russell in the mid-60s saw Reed become an emblematic Brit-flick
icon", but from the mid-1970s his alcoholism began affecting
his career, with the BFI adding "Reed had assumed Robert
Newton's mantle as Britain's thirstiest thespian". Oliver
Reed died from a heart attack during a break from filming
Gladiator in Valletta, Malta, on the afternoon of May 2, 1999,
aged 61. According to witnesses, he drank eight pints of German
lager, a dozen shots of rum, half a bottle of whisky, and a few
shots of Hennessy cognac, in a drinking match against a group of
sailors on shore leave from HMS Cumberland at a local pub. His bar
bill totalled a little over 270 LM (almost 450 Pounds Sterling;
about 590 USD). After beating five much younger Royal Navy sailors
at arm-wrestling, Reed suddenly collapsed, dying while en route to
hospital in an ambulance. A funeral for Reed was held in
Churchtown, County Cork, in Ireland where he had resided during
the last years of his life. His body is interred in Churchtown's
Bruhenny Graveyard. The epitaph on his gravestone reads, "He
made the air move."
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Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: At Home
With That Other Family (The Khrushchevs) MP3 CD, Download, USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1934: #BOTD: #HBD! George
Segal, American actor, comedian and musician (d. March 23, 2021)
is #born George Segal Jr. in New York City to Russian-Jewish
immigrant parents. George Segal became popular in the 1960s and
1970s for playing both dramatic and comedic roles. After first
rising to prominence with roles in acclaimed films such as Ship of
Fools (1965) and King Rat (1965), he co-starred in the classic
drama Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? (1966). Through the next
decade and a half, Segal consistently starred in notable films
across a variety of genres including The Quiller Memorandum
(1966), The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967), No Way to Treat a
Lady (1968), Where's Poppa? (1970), The Owl and the Pussycat
(1970), The Hot Rock (1972), Blume in Love (1973), A Touch of
Class (1973), California Split (1974), The Duchess and the
Dirtwater Fox (1976), and Fun with Dick and Jane (1977). He was
one of the first American film actors to rise to leading man
status with an unchanged Jewish surname, helping pave the way for
other major actors of his generation. Later in his career, he
appeared in supporting roles in films such as Look Who's Talking
(1989), For the Boys (1991), The Mirror Has Two Faces (1996),
Flirting with Disaster (1996), and Love & Other Drugs (2010).
He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
for his performance in Who's Afraid of Virginia Woolf? and won two
Golden Globe Awards, including the Golden Globe Award for Best
Actor in a Motion Picture Musical or Comedy for his performance in
A Touch of Class. On television, he was best known for his regular
roles in two popular sitcoms, playing Jack Gallo on Just Shoot Me!
(1997-2003) and Albert "Pops" Solomon on The Goldbergs
(2013-2021). Segal was also an accomplished ukelele banjo player.
He released three albums and performed with the instrument in
several of his acting roles and on late-night television. George
Segal died of complications from bypass surgery in Santa Rosa,
California, at age 87. His remains were cremated, and the ashes
given to his widow Sonia Schultz Greenbaum.
https://store.earthstation1.com/at-home-with-that-other-family-the-khrushchevs-mp3-c3.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Unknown War: The Great Patriotic War Series WWII USSR DVD MP4 USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1945: The European Civil
War: World War II: The Second European War (The European Theater
Of World War II): The Eastern Front Of World War II: The Great
Patriotic War (The German-Soviet War): The Budapest Offensive: The
Siege Of Budapest (The Battle Of Budapest): -- The Siege Of
Budapest concludes with the Red Army winning the unconditional
surrender of German and Hungarian forces. The Siege Of Budapest
began on December 24, 1944 and was the 50 day encirclement by
Soviet forces of the Hungarian capital of Budapest. Part of the
broader Budapest Offensive, the siege began when Budapest,
defended by Hungarian and German troops, was first encircled on
December 26, 1944 by the Red Army and the Romanian Army. During
the siege, about 38,000 civilians died through starvation or
military action. The city unconditionally surrendered on February
13, 1945. It was a strategic victory for the Allies in their push
towards Berlin.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-unknown-war-complete-tv-series-soviet-union-wwii-10-dvd-s10.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title:
Cathedral: Animated & Live Documentary DVD, Download, USB
Flash Drive
Today, February 13, 2026February 12-13, 1322: Religion: The
History Of Religion: Abrahamic Religions: Christianity:
Cathedrals: Roman Catholic Cathedrals: -- The Norman central
crossing tower (the junction of the four arms of a cruciform
church) of Ely Cathedral in the city of Ely, Cambridgeshire,
England falls on the night of 12th-13th, possibly as a result of
digging foundations for the Lady Chapel (a traditional British
chapel dedicated to "Our Lady", Mary, mother of Jesus,
particularly those inside a cathedral or other large church). Work
on the cathedral's Lady Chapel was suspended as attention
transferred to dealing with this disaster. Instead of being
replaced by a new tower on the same ground plan, the crossing was
enlarged to an octagon tower, with a vast internal open space. Its
pinnacles and lantern above forms the most distinctive and
celebrated feature of the cathedral, and German-British art and
architectural historian Sir Nikolaus Bernhard Leon Pevsner CBE FBA
describes it as Ely's "greatest individual achievement of
architectural genius". Today, Ely Cathedral, formally the
Cathedral Church of the Holy and Undivided Trinity, is an Anglican
cathedral. The cathedral can trace its origin to the abbey founded
in Ely in 672 by St Aethelthryth (also called Etheldreda). The
earliest parts of the present building date to 1083, and it was
granted cathedral status in 1109. Until the Reformation the
cathedral was dedicated to St Etheldreda and St Peter, at which
point it was refounded as the Cathedral Church of the Holy and
Undivided Trinity of Ely. It is the cathedral of the Diocese of
Ely, which covers most of Cambridgeshire and western Norfolk,
Essex and Bedfordshire. It is the seat of the Bishop of Ely and a
suffragan bishop, the Bishop of Huntingdon (in the Anglican
Communion, a suffragan bishop is a bishop who is subordinate to a
metropolitan bishop or diocesan bishop (bishop ordinary) and so is
not normally jurisdictional in their role).
https://store.earthstation1.com/cathedral-dvd-their-building-in-cartoon-and-documentary-form.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Churchills 3 Part 1996 TV Miniseries MP4 Video Download 2 DVD Set
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1849: #BOTD: #HBD! Lord
Randolph Churchill, English lawyer, British statesman, politician,
Chancellor of the Exchequer, father of Winston Churchill (d.
January 24, 1895) is #born Randolph Henry Spencer-Churchill at 3
Wilton Terrace, Belgravia, London. Lord Randolph Henry
Spencer-Churchill was a genuine Tory radical, who coined the term
'Tory Democracy'. He inspired a generation of party managers,
created the National Union of the Conservative Party, and broke
new ground in modern budgetary presentations, attracting
admiration and criticism from across the political spectrum. His
most acerbic critics resided in his own party among his closest
friends; but his disloyalty to Lord Salisbury was the beginning of
the end of what should have been a glittering career. His devoted
son, Winston, who hardly knew his father in life, wrote a
biography of him. Lord Randolph is believed to have contracted
syphilis from a chambermaid at the family seat of Blenheim Palace
shortly after his marriage in 1874. Randolph attempted a
round-the-world journey in the autumn of 1894, accompanied by his
wife, but his health soon became so feeble that he was brought
back hurriedly from Cairo. He reached England shortly before
Christmas, and died in Westminster the next month. aged 45. The
gross value of his personal estate was entered in the Probate
Registry at 75,971 PS (equivalent to 11.1M PS in 2023). He is
buried near his wife and sons at St Martin's Church, Bladon, near
Woodstock, Oxfordshire. Lord Randolph's son, Sir Winston
Churchill, died on January 24, 1965, aged 90, exactly 70 years
after the death of his father, having lived twice as long.
https://store.earthstation1.com/the-churchills-3-part-1996-tv-miniseries-mp4-video-download-2-3199642.html
Today's
EarthStation1.com #OnThisDay Commemorative Memorial Title: The
Story Of Civilization: Will & Ariel Durant DVD, MP3 Download,
USB
Today, February 13, 2026February 13, 1542: #DOTD: #RIP: Catherine
Howard, Queen Of England from 1540 until 1541 as the fifth wife of
Henry VIII (b. c. 1523) #dies when she is executed for adultery.
She is buried at The Chapel Of Saint Peter-Ad-Vincula in Wapping,
London Borough Of Tower Hamlets, Greater London, England. She was
born Lambeth, London, England, the daughter of Lord Edmund Howard
and Joyce Culpeper, cousin to Anne Boleyn (the second wife of
Henry VIII), and niece to Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke Of Norfolk.
Thomas Howard was a prominent politician at Henry's court, and he
secured her a place in the household of Henry's fourth wife, Anne
Of Cleves, where she caught the King's interest. She married him
on July 28, 1540 at Oatlands Palace in Surrey, just 19 days after
the annulment of his marriage to Anne. He was 49, and she was
still a teenager, at about 17 years old. Catherine was stripped of
her title as queen in November 1541. She was beheaded three months
later on the grounds of treason for committing adultery with her
distant cousin Thomas Culpeper.
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